ΚΛΙΝΙΚΗ ΒΙΟΧΗΜΕΙΑ

CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

Lesson Code:	BE0711

Professor in charge:	Liakos Panagiotis, Professor

Other Teachers:	Simos G., Hahami G, Mylonis H., T. Sideri

ECTS:	2.00

Type|Type of Course:

OP | BACKGROUND

Teaching Semester:

14th Semester

Hours per week:

2 hours

Total Time (Teaching Hours + Student Workload)

54 Hours

Prerequisites:

OXI

Language of Instruction:

Greek

Available for Erasmus:

Semester Lectures:

Details/Lectures

Teaching Method:

Face to face

The elections develop the material described above while the analytical methods and operation of the Biochemistry laboratory is carried out in a Hospital or in a laboratory.

Attendance is mandatory for 2/3 of the lectures

Information and Communication Technologies are used to prepare lecture materials and provide online information and learning aids to students.

In more detail:

Common software (eg powerpoint) is used to prepare lecture material and display slides and videos.

Class announcements, information and communication are available online via e-class. Communication is also done via e-mail.
Common software (eg excel) is used for the statistical processing of the student evaluation.
Additional general information about the lecturers and their research interests and the operation of the Biochemistry Laboratory is available online at the Laboratory's website http://www.med.uth.gr/biochemistry/index.html

Evaluation Method:

The assessment language of the students is Greek

Evaluation methods.

Presentation of work

The examination of the course is based on the work that the students will prepare and present.

Final grade

The final grade of the 100% course is calculated from the work that the students will be given to develop.

Objective Objectives/Desired Results:

The course is the basic tool for studying the main human organs and systems that every doctor needs to know in daily practice.

The course material presents the biochemical tests applied in practice, how to use and analyze biochemical data as well as the diagnostic value of biochemical analyzes in a number of specific clinical situations. Finally, it contributes to the understanding of the basic mechanisms of pathobiochemical disorders so that they can be used by the physician for diagnosis and treatment.

The course is the main link between the theoretical knowledge acquired by the Student with Biochemistry I and II and the application of his knowledge in clinical practice. Also, the course prepares the student with the provided knowledge for the courses of the specialties of longer semesters such as Biopathology, Endocrinology, Pathology, Pediatrics and Oncology.

Finally, the aim of the course is for the students to understand the importance of the correct assessment of biochemical analyzes both for the specialties of Laboratory Medicine and for the clinical specialties of Medicine.

Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:

He is able to distinguish the normal laboratory picture from the pathological one and to propose a diagnosis for the treatment of basic diseases.
Able to use the basic equipment of a biochemical/clinical-chemistry laboratory and carry out basic biochemical analyses.
Analyzes and processes the results of basic biochemical analyses
May collaborate with fellow students or medical specialists to perform basic biochemical analyzes and process their results.
The hospital workplace may feel familiar.
He may be more settled about his future career.

General Skills

Search, analysis and synthesis of data and information, using the necessary technologies
Adaptation to new situations
Decision making
Autonomous work
Teamwork
Work in an interdisciplinary environment
Exercise criticism and self-criticism
Promotion of free, creative and inductive thinking

Course URL :

http://eclass.uth.gr/eclass/courses/MED_U_177

Course Description:

The material of the "Clinical Biochemistry" course has been designed aiming at the development of theoretical clinical skills as well as the knowledge of the material that students must acquire in order to succeed in the course.

Course material

Biochemical tests: reliability, diagnostic value, quality control and interpretation of results
• Reference, The Samples in "Biochemical", Units of Measurement
• Sample collection conditions affecting the various biochemical parameters
• Reliability parameters of analytical methods
• Analytical Errors, Systematic and Random errors
• Distribution and Statistics
• Interpretation of results
• Normal prices - Compare prices
• Quality Control Programs

Enzymes of diagnostic interest and biochemical control of organ function
• General characteristics of enzymes
• Enzyme activity and its measurement
• Disadvantages of enzyme assays
Enzymes with diagnostic value and their contribution to clinical diagnosis
 Transaminases
 γ-Glutamyl-transpeptidase/transferase (γGT)
 Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
 Acid phosphatase (ACP)
 Creatine Kinase (CK or CPK)
 Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
 Amylase
• Measurements of serum enzymes in the disease
 Osteopathies
 Diagnosis of myocardial infarction
 Biochemical control of Liver Function

Determination of xenobiotic compounds in biological samples
• What is a xenobiotic substance?
• What are the clinical applications of the determination of xenobiotic substances in biological samples?
• What is the feasibility of drug level monitoring (MPL)?
• When is it necessary/desirable to carry out a PSF?
• Examples of drugs whose administration requires laboratory monitoring?
• What is the purpose of clinical toxicology analysis?
• Examples of poisonings in which early determination of plasma concentration defines treatment.
• What is the biochemical mechanism of poisoning with paracetamol and salicylates.
• What are the methods for determining xenobiotic substances and what are their selection criteria.

Plasma proteins: determination and disorders
• Introduction: Plasma-serum / Determination (semi-quantitative and quantitative)
• Total Proteins
• Albumin (Albumin)
• Special Proteins
 α1-globulins, α2-globulins, β-globulins,
 γ-globulins= Immunoglobulins
 Categories of G-globulinopathy
• A. Hypogammaglobulinemia and agammaglobulinemia
• B. Hypergammaglobulinemias
 Polyclonal gammopathy
 Monoclonal gammopathy
 Multiple myeloma

CSF proteins: determination and autoimmune neurological diseases
• The investigation of proteins in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
• Laboratory components and analysis of CSF
• Albumin index
• Analysis of IgG in CSF
• Differential diagnosis
 Multiple Sclerosis
 NMO or Devic's Disease
 Myasthenia

Hereditary Metabolic Diseases
• Metabolism – Metabolic diseases: Definitions, Categories
• Causes of clinical symptoms
• Review, objectives, diseases of carbohydrate metabolism
• Glycogen storage diseases (Von Gierke)
• Galactosemia
• Review, objectives, diseases of lipid & lipoprotein metabolism
• Review, targets, diseases of protein & amino acid metabolism
• Phenylketonuria
• Diagnosis of enzyme diseases
• Preventive Diagnostic Newborn Screening
• Prenatal diagnosis
• Treatment of metabolic diseases

Hemoprotein, porphyrin, iron disorders
• Hemoglobin diseases
• Acquired hemoglobin abnormalities
• Porphyrias
• Heme synthesis
• Categories
• Acute intermittent
• Biological functions of iron – The daily cycle of iron
• Absorption of dietary iron – Iron in circulation
• Measurement of iron in circulation
• Abnormalities in iron metabolism
• Iron deficiency anemia – Anemia of chronic disease
• Iron overload (overironization) – Hereditary Hemochromatosis
• Maintenance of iron homeostasis at the level of the organism
• Regulation of plasma iron concentration by hepcidin
• The hepcidin-ferroportin axis
• Regulation of hepcidin expression
• Hepcidin-based treatments

Biochemistry control of hormonal regulation
• Adenohypophysial hormones and their clinical significance
• Measurement of anterior pituitary hormones and clinical diagnosis
• Disorders of the pituitary gland
• Subfunction
• Hyperfunction = Pituitary tumors
• Pituitary function test
• Measurement of posterior pituitary hormones and clinical diagnosis
• Water deprivation test

Carbohydrates: metabolism, determination, disorders, diabetes mellitus
• Reminder of the biochemical basis of DM
• Effects of SD
• Measurement of glucose in body fluids
• Diagnosis of SD
• Therapeutic treatment of SD
• Control
• Diabetic ketoacidosis
• Hyperglycemia
• Hypoglycemia
• Medicines

Lipids, Lipoproteins: metabolism, determination, hyperlipoproteinemias, coronary heart disease
• Laboratory Clinical investigation of the following diseases
• Obesity
• Atheromatosis and Cardiovascular Disease
• Diabetes Mellitus
• Hepatic Steatosis
• Lipid Storage Disorders
• Dyslipoproteinemias

Biochemical changes of malignant tumors-cancer markers
• Definition of cancer
• Epidemiology of cancer
• Biochemistry of cancer
• Definition of cancer markers
• Classification of cancer markers
• Methods of determining cancer markers
• Evaluation parameters of cancer markers
• Factors affecting the concentration of Cancer Markers in the blood
• Usefulness and classification of cancer in diagnosis, monitoring of the disease

Biochemistry of renal disorders
• General characteristics of the kidney-kidney
• Anatomy
• Biochemical tests for kidney function
• Glomerular filtration control
• GFR
• Creatinine
• Urea
• Check Pipe operation
• Absorption Condensation Control
• Excretion Control
• Renal Failure: Diagnosis, biochemical assessment, Clinical consequences

CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

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